What is the skin disease 'eczema' that bothers many?

 What is the skin disease 'eczema' that bothers many?

Among the skin problems, the number of people who go to the hospital with the problem of 'eczema' is more. A study conducted by the Civil Hospital in Kathmandu also showed that eczema is among the five most common skin diseases.

This problem affects children and even the elderly. About 20 percent of children and 3 percent of adults worldwide suffer from some form of eczema.

What is eczema?

Eczema is a problem that appears on the outer skin due to inflammation between the skin cells. Eczema itself is extensive. Symptoms include skin burning, redness, itching, very small blisters and blisters, slight pus and watery discharge, skin hardening and blistering.

Which organs are seen?

Eczema affects the hands, neck, elbows, knees, feet, face especially around the neck, ears and lips. Sometimes it can be seen on the skin of the nipple, breast and penis.

the reason

- Eczema can occur on the skin if you use too much soap, detergent, shampoo and other washing liquids.

- Chemicals used in hair dyeing, cement, dust particles and allergens found in plants can be.

- Metal contact also causes eczema. Like wearing jewelry, it can be a problem when wearing it on the ears, nose and hands.

- Harmful radiation from the sun can also cause eczema on bare skin. This problem is seen especially in the arms, legs, neck, and upper chest of people who work in the fields.

- If there is a problem of allergies and diseases in the parents, the child may also have eczema.

- This problem can be seen because the skin remains loose even in cold, dry weather.

- Eczema can occur on the skin even when there is a problem with varicose veins.

- Allergies to cow's milk, peanuts, wheat flour, soy, eggs and other foods cause eczema as a side effect in some people.

Eczema can appear due to hormonal changes during pregnancy, menstruation and menopause. However, not everyone can see it.

- Insects are widespread in summer. Eczema can also be caused by coming into contact with them.

- This problem is also seen in viral infections and hair loss.

It is also divided into different parts.

Atopic dermatitis: This is the most common form of eczema. Which can occur even after the eczema has healed.

Contact dermatitis: When a person's skin is allergic to something, it is called 'contact dermatitis'.

Disidrotic Eczema: Small blisters on the hands and feet and between the fingers are called Disidrotic Eczema. This type of eczema usually affects people between the ages of 20 and 40.

Neurodermatitis: Excessive itching in one part of the body and sometimes this itching problem lasts for a long time. About 12 percent of people worldwide suffer from neurodermatitis eczema.

Nummular Eczema: In this type of eczema, coin-shaped spots are formed, in which it is very itchy.

Seborrheic dermatitis: This type of eczema lasts for a long time. This problem is mostly seen in the head, nose and back.

Stasis dermatitis: In this type of condition, the problem of eczema occurs due to poor blood circulation in the lower part of the body, especially in the legs. This eczema mostly affects people above 50 years of age.

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Why does the skin itch? Maybe even a complex problem

identification

It is identified based on symptoms. First of all, information about 'medical history' is taken. Accordingly, allergy test, blood test and skin biopsy are taken. But all these tests may not be necessary for everyone.

Treatment

- In case of allergy, identify it and do not use it.

- If there is a problem of pus and water flowing from the skin, keep it clean with salt water or potassium water.

- If the skin keeps getting dry, you should use a moisturizer three to four times a day on the doctor's advice.

- In some cases, the doctor can give medicine for up to two weeks. If the skin is itchy and swollen, anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines and corticosteroids are given, and if there is an infection, antibiotics are given.

- Some may need to use light therapy.

How to control eczema?

When the symptoms of eczema start to appear. It can be cured if it is controlled at that time. As a symptom of eczema, when the skin becomes dry and itchy, the itchy part should be soaked in water and oil or moisturizing cream should be applied. After that, it slowly starts to heal itself.

Likewise, to avoid this, use sunscreen, moisturizer, wear full-sleeved clothes, gloves and masks can be worn if you have to be in contact with chemicals.